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SearchInitial Distribution of asylum seekers (EASY) ,
Asylum seekers are initially registered in the closest reception facilities of the respective Federal Land. The responsible reception facility is determined by the EASY quota system at the initial registration.
EASY - The quota system for fair distribution
- Since 01.04.1993, the initial distribution of asylum seekers to the Federal Länder before applying to the Federal Office has been carried out by a computerised system - EASY (Erstverteilung Asylbegehrende, initial distribution of asylum seekers) - according to a fixed admission quota. This is designed to ensure an appropriate and fair distribution among the Federal Länder.
- In principle, the distribution algorithm follows Section 46 (2) of the Asylum Act (AsylG) and, in addition to the responsibility of the individual Länder for the countries of origin, takes into account their target/actual deviation from the admission obligation (actual variance), which is calculated on the basis of the quota according to the Königstein Key.
- The admission quota is based on the so-called "Königstein Key":
- Annual recalculation by the Joint Science Conference (Gemeinsame Wissenschaftskonferenz – GWK)
- Composition: two-thirds tax revenue and one-third population of the Länder - If a cross-border distribution of asylum seekers is required, the closest destination reception centre is selected from those possible.
- The Federal Office designed the EASY programme together with the Federal Länder and acts as the central distribution and administration office.
The allocation to a specific reception centre also determines which branch office of the Federal Office is to process the asylum seeker’s application.
The following distribution quotas are currently valid:
| Federal Land | Quota |
|---|---|
| Baden-Württemberg | 13.01280% |
| Bavaria | 15.56491% |
| Berlin | 5.13754% |
| Brandenburg | 3.01802% |
| Bremen | 0.96284% |
| Hamburg | 2.55790% |
| Hesse | 7.44344% |
| Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 1.98419% |
| Lower Saxony | 9.40993% |
| North Rhine-Westphalia | 21.08676% |
| Rhineland-Palatinate | 4.82459% |
| Saarland | 1.20197% |
| Saxony | 4.99085% |
| Saxony-Anhalt | 2.75164% |
| Schleswig-Holstein | 3.40526% |
| Thuringia | 2.64736 % |
Background Information
How the EASY quota system works
- The EASY distribution of asylum seekers is carried out anonymously. The system does not store a name or personal identification number or the like. The EASY system is thus not a database in the usual sense, but only a pure case-based distribution system, which only knows the characteristics "receiving Federal Land", "country of origin" and the family composition.
- After an initial registration has been entered by an initial reception centre, the computer displays the distribution decision within 3-4 seconds and registers it by means of an option number which is assigned by the system and is consecutive for the respective Federal Land.
- If the EASY decision requires the asylum seeker to travel on to another Federal Land, the sending Federal Land arranges and finances the journey. In this case, the asylum seeker receives a certificate (Anlaufbescheinigung) directing him/her to the nearest reception facility. Besides the personal data, this certificate also contains the address of the reception facility responsible for the asylum seeker as well as the EASY option number.
- Viewed as a whole, the EASY system is intended to achieve the following goals:
1. No or shorter travel routes (asylum procedure can start sooner)
2. Lower travel costs
3. Fair distribution between the Federal Länder according to the agreed quotas as per Section 45 AsylG
4. More balanced utilisation of the reception facilities - The proof of arrival (Ankunftsnachweis) is handed out at the responsible reception facility. This contains an identification number (proof of arrival number), the most important personal data as well as information about the responsible reception facility.